China’s Renewable Energy Transformation and Security!

Concerns often arise that if fossil fuels run out or a major global crisis, such as a world war or a large-scale disaster, occurs, the world could face serious energy shortages and economic instability. However, the effects of such disruptions may not be the same for all nations.



Countries that have invested heavily in renewable energy infrastructure and modern technologies, including China, the United States, India, and members of the European Union, are generally better prepared to handle potential energy crises. In contrast, many lower-income nations may struggle significantly during global instability.



China is making impressive strides with its long-term plan to expand renewable energy generation and create a more sustainable power system. According to official data released in 2025, China’s total installed electricity generation capacity reached about 3.891 terawatts (TW), a 16.1% increase from the previous year.



A historic milestone was reached when the combined installed capacity of solar and wind power (47.3%) exceeded that of coal-based power generation for the first time. Solar power alone now contributes about 1.2 TW, or 30.9% of China’s total installed capacity.



Wind power accounts for 640,000 MW (16.4%), thermal power plants, mainly coal and gas, provide 1.54 million MW (39.6%), hydropower contributes 450,000 MW (11.5%), and nuclear energy represents roughly 1.6%. Together, non-fossil-fuel sources now make up 60.4% of China’s installed energy capacity.



It is important to note that installed capacity and actual electricity generation are not the same. Because solar and wind energy depend on weather conditions, coal and gas still supply about 60–65% of China’s electricity output. However, in 2025, thermal power generation fell compared to the previous year, marking a key moment in China’s energy transition.



Meanwhile, international reports, including those from the International Energy Agency (IEA), suggest that China currently holds about 1.2 to 1.3 billion barrels of strategic crude oil reserves, though official figures are not fully disclosed.



Analysts estimate that China’s total storage capacity could exceed 2 billion barrels, indicating that even during geopolitical tensions or supply disruptions, the risk of a complete halt to industrial production remains relatively low.



China is also gradually transforming transportation and other oil-dependent sectors through the widespread adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and electrification projects. However, heavy industries, chemical manufacturing, aviation, and maritime transport still rely heavily on fossil fuels.



Despite these challenges, China has already emerged as a global leader in renewable energy deployment, energy storage technologies, and green infrastructure development. So, China’s renewable energy revolution not only strengthens its own energy security but also supports global stability.



Sources: Xinhua, Global Times, CMG Bangla, Wikipedia, International Energy Agency (IEA), National Bureau of Statistics of China (NBS)



Author: Sherazur Rahman, Teacher and Writer, Bangladesh

Note:

This is an original writing. AI tools were used only for language improvement and fact-checking.