Science, technology and the modern world!

Bangladesh has already become the world’s second-largest exporter of ready-made garments. This success shows how planning, quality control, and timely strategies can lead to global recognition. Now, the focus is shifting to agriculture.   In 2025, China exported goods worth nearly USD 3.8 trillion and imported around USD 2.5 trillion. Food and agricultural products made up USD 230–240 billion of its imports, making China one of the largest buyers worldwide. Countries like Brazil, the United States, Thailand, Indonesia, and Cambodia supply China with soybeans, grains, and meat. Cambodia has even exported agricultural goods worth billions of dollars.   In contrast, Bangladesh’s agricultural exports in 2024–25 reached only USD 1 billion. However, a new memorandum of understanding signed with China’s Yunnan province in December 2025 brings hope. The deal offers duty-free warehouses, free exhibition centers, digital marketing space, and quick customs clearance for fresh p...

The global semiconductor or chip design and manufacturing industry has become one of the most important technology-driven sectors. Right now, an undeclared trade war or economic cold war is happening, especially involving the United States, as countries compete for control in this area. According to the Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA), global semiconductor sales reached $791.7 billion in 2025. This marks a 25.6% increase from the 2024 total of $630.5 billion. In the fourth quarter of 2025, worldwide sales hit $236.6 billion. This was 37.1% higher than the same quarter in 2024 and 13.6% higher than the third quarter of 2025. In December 2025, global sales were at $78.9 billion, a 2.7% rise from November. Although countries like the United States, China, South Korea, and Taiwan are active in semiconductor design and production, the core technology for advanced nanometer chip manufacturing, extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUV) systems, is produced solely by one country: the Neth...

  China has recently reached another important milestone in its shipbuilding industry. The country’s second domestically built luxury cruise ship, Adora Flora City, was successfully floated out from a dry dock in Shanghai on March 20. This development marks a significant step forward in China’s growing ability in cruise ship construction. The massive vessel was built by Shanghai Waigaoqiao Shipbuilding (SWS), a subsidiary of the China State Shipbuilding Corporation (CSSC). The ship is owned and will be operated by Adora Cruises Limited, a joint venture between CSSC and Carnival Corporation & plc, the world’s largest cruise operator. This partnership highlights China’s strategy of combining local industrial strength with global expertise. Although constructed in China, the vessel’s design and technical support came from Italy’s leading shipbuilder Fincantieri. This international collaboration helps ensure that the ship meets global standards in both engineering and passenger exp...

  The ongoing war in the Middle East and the escalating tensions in global politics have led major military powers to rapidly expand their nuclear capabilities. A report from The Washington Post states that China has been quickly increasing its nuclear arsenal and readiness for combat. The United States has claimed that China may have secretly conducted nuclear weapons tests. Seismic monitoring sensors detected two underground tremors that occurred about twelve seconds apart. U.S. sources say these tremors were likely intended to avoid detection by global monitoring systems. China has not officially addressed these claims. At the same time, France has announced that it will expand its nuclear arsenal and will stop disclosing detailed information about its nuclear program or weapons capabilities. Analysts see these actions as indications of a renewed nuclear arms race and rising strategic competition. Overall, statistics on ballistic missiles and nuclear warheads show that nations h...

পৃথিবীর আকাশের শেষ সীমা কোথায়, আর ঠিক কোথা থেকে মহাকাশ শুরু হয়েছে—এই প্রশ্ন হয়ত অনেকের মনেই জাগতে পারে। বিজ্ঞানের ভাষায় মহাকাশের এই কাল্পনিক সীমানাটি শুরু হয় সমুদ্রপৃষ্ঠ থেকে প্রায় ১০০ কিলোমিটার (৬২ মাইল) উচ্চতা থেকে, যাকে বলা হয় ‘কারমান লাইন’ (Kármán Line)। কারমান লাইন আকাশের ওপর কোনো দৃশ্যমান রেখা নয়, বরং এটি একটি কাল্পনিক বৈজ্ঞানিক রেফারেন্স পয়েন্ট। এই উচ্চতায় বায়ুমণ্ডলের ঘনত্ব এতটাই কমে যায় যে, সাধারণ বিমানের পক্ষে ডানা ব্যবহার করে উড্ডয়ন করা বা পর্যাপ্ত লিফট (Lift) তৈরি করা প্রায় অসম্ভব হয়ে পড়ে। বিজ্ঞানীরা তাই প্রায় ১০০ কিলোমিটার উচ্চতাকেই মহাকাশ শুরুর প্রাথমিক সীমা হিসেবে বিবেচনা করেন। এই উচ্চতায় জেট ইঞ্জিনচালিত এয়ারক্রাফট নয়, বরং কেবল রকেট বা মহাকাশযান নিজস্ব জ্বালানি ব্যবহার করে টিকে থাকতে পারে। কারমান লাইন পৃথিবীর বায়ুমণ্ডলের থার্মোস্ফিয়ার স্তরের মধ্যে অবস্থিত। এর আরও ওপরে ধীরে ধীরে শুরু হয় এক্সোস্ফিয়ার, যা পৃথিবীর বায়ুমণ্ডলের সর্বোচ্চ স্তর হিসেবে বিবেচিত। এই সীমারেখাটি মূলত একটি বৈজ্ঞানিক রেফারেন্স, যেখানে বায়ুর ঘনত্ব এত কম হয় যে, এখানে প্রচলিত বিমান প্রযুক্তি কার্যকর থাকে না...

  By Sherazur Rahman   Teacher and Writer, Singra, Natore, Bangladesh The Bayraktar AKINCI, created by Türkiye’s Baykar company, is a high-altitude, long-endurance unmanned combat aerial vehicle. It is designed for intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance, and direct strike missions, making it one of the most capable heavy combat drones in the world. On February 21, Türkiye’s state-owned news agency A News reported that the AKINCI successfully targeted an airborne object during a test flight over the Black Sea. It used a loitering munition to strike another drone mid-air. The test involved the high-speed EREN loitering munition developed by Roketsan, which can autonomously detect and engage targets. In 2024, open-source defense reports stated that the AKINCI successfully launched the Roketsan IHA-230 supersonic guided missile. This air-to-surface weapon has a range of around 150 to 160 kilometers. The HALE-class AKINCI measures about 12.5 meters in length, has a 20-mete...